diff --git a/eth-providers/src/base-provider.ts b/eth-providers/src/base-provider.ts
index 013c45469..c152a7163 100644
--- a/eth-providers/src/base-provider.ts
+++ b/eth-providers/src/base-provider.ts
@@ -325,52 +325,64 @@ export abstract class BaseProvider extends AbstractProvider {
     }
   }
 
-  startSubscription = async (): Promise<void> => {
+  startSubscriptions = async (): Promise<void> => {
+    await Promise.all([
+      this._subscribeEventListeners(),
+      this._subscribeFinalizedBlock(),
+      this._subscribeRuntimeVersion(),
+    ]);
+  };
+
+  _subscribeEventListeners = () => {
     const subscriptionMethod = this.safeMode
       ? this.api.rpc.chain.subscribeFinalizedHeads.bind(this)
       : this.api.rpc.chain.subscribeNewHeads.bind(this);
 
-    const sub1 = subscriptionMethod(async (header: Header) => {
-      // block cache
+    return subscriptionMethod(async (header: Header) => {
+      // update block cache
       const blockNumber = header.number.toNumber();
       const blockHash = header.hash.toHex();
       const txHashes = await this._getTxHashesAtBlock(blockHash);
-
       this.blockCache.addTxsAtBlock(blockNumber, txHashes);
 
       // eth_subscribe
-      const headSubscribers = this.eventListeners[SubscriptionType.NewHeads];
-      const logSubscribers = this.eventListeners[SubscriptionType.Logs];
+      await this._notifySubscribers(blockNumber);
+    });
+  }
 
-      if (headSubscribers.length > 0 || logSubscribers.length > 0) {
-        const block = await this.getBlockData(blockNumber, false);
+  _notifySubscribers = async (blockNumber: number) => {
+    const headSubscribers = this.eventListeners[SubscriptionType.NewHeads];
+    const logSubscribers = this.eventListeners[SubscriptionType.Logs];
 
-        const response = hexlifyRpcResult(block);
-        headSubscribers.forEach((l) => l.cb(response));
+    if (headSubscribers.length > 0 || logSubscribers.length > 0) {
+      const block = await this.getBlockData(blockNumber, false);
 
-        if (logSubscribers.length > 0) {
-          const receipts = await Promise.all(
-            block.transactions.map((tx) => this.getTransactionReceiptAtBlock(tx as string, blockNumber))
-          );
-          const logs = receipts.map((r) => r.logs).flat();
+      const response = hexlifyRpcResult(block);
+      headSubscribers.forEach((l) => l.cb(response));
 
-          logSubscribers.forEach(({ cb, filter }) => {
-            const filteredLogs = logs.filter(log => filterLog(log, filter));
-            hexlifyRpcResult(filteredLogs).forEach(cb);
-          });
-        }
-      }
-    });
+      if (logSubscribers.length > 0) {
+        const receipts = await Promise.all(
+          block.transactions.map((tx) => this.getTransactionReceiptAtBlock(tx as string, blockNumber))
+        );
+        const logs = receipts.map((r) => r.logs).flat();
 
-    const sub2 = this.api.rpc.chain.subscribeFinalizedHeads(async (header: Header) => {
-      const blockNumber = header.number.toNumber();
-      const blockHash = (await this.api.rpc.chain.getBlockHash(blockNumber)).toHex();
+        logSubscribers.forEach(({ cb, filter }) => {
+          const filteredLogs = logs.filter(log => filterLog(log, filter));
+          hexlifyRpcResult(filteredLogs).forEach(cb);
+        });
+      }
+    }
+  }
 
-      this.latestFinalizedBlockNumber = blockNumber;
-      this.latestFinalizedBlockHash = blockHash;
-    });
+  _subscribeFinalizedBlock = () => (
+    this.api.rpc.chain.subscribeFinalizedHeads(async (header: Header) => {
+      this.latestFinalizedBlockNumber = header.number.toNumber();
+      this.latestFinalizedBlockHash = header.hash.toHex();
+    })
+  );
 
-    const sub3 = this.api.rpc.state.subscribeRuntimeVersion((runtime: RuntimeVersion) => {
+  _subscribeRuntimeVersion = () => (
+    this.api.rpc.state.subscribeRuntimeVersion((runtime: RuntimeVersion) => {
       const version = runtime.specVersion.toNumber();
       this.verbose && logger.info(`runtime version: ${version}`);
 
@@ -380,10 +392,8 @@ export abstract class BaseProvider extends AbstractProvider {
         logger.warn(`runtime version changed: ${this.runtimeVersion} => ${version}, shutting down myself... good bye 👋`);
         process.exit(1);
       }
-    });
-
-    await Promise.all([sub1, sub2, sub3]);
-  };
+    })
+  );
 
   setApi = (api: ApiPromise): void => {
     defineReadOnly(this, '_api', api);
@@ -469,7 +479,7 @@ export abstract class BaseProvider extends AbstractProvider {
 
       if (!this.subscriptionStarted) {
         this.subscriptionStarted = true;
-        await this.startSubscription();
+        await this.startSubscriptions();
       }
     } catch (e) {
       await this.api.disconnect();
@@ -1744,7 +1754,7 @@ export abstract class BaseProvider extends AbstractProvider {
   }
 
   _getTxReceiptFromCache = async (txHash: string): Promise<TransactionReceipt | null> => {
-    const targetBlockNumber = this.blockCache?.getBlockNumber(txHash);
+    const targetBlockNumber = this.blockCache.getBlockNumber(txHash);
     if (!targetBlockNumber) return null;
 
     let targetBlockHash;
@@ -1939,7 +1949,7 @@ export abstract class BaseProvider extends AbstractProvider {
     return this.subql?.getIndexerMetadata();
   };
 
-  getCachInfo = (): CacheInspect | undefined => this.blockCache?._inspect();
+  getCachInfo = (): CacheInspect | undefined => this.blockCache._inspect();
 
   _timeEthCalls = async (): Promise<{
     gasPriceTime: number;