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ThermalDiffusivity.hpp
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ThermalDiffusivity.hpp
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// Copyright © 2020-2024 Alexandre Coderre-Chabot
//
// This file is part of Physical Quantities (PhQ), a C++ library of physical quantities, physical
// models, and units of measure for scientific computing.
//
// Physical Quantities is hosted at:
// https://github.com/acodcha/phq
//
// Physical Quantities is licensed under the MIT License:
// https://mit-license.org
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and
// associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
// including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute,
// sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
// - The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or
// substantial portions of the Software.
// - THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING
// BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
// NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
#ifndef PHQ_THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY_HPP
#define PHQ_THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY_HPP
#include <cstddef>
#include <functional>
#include <ostream>
#include "DimensionalScalar.hpp"
#include "MassDensity.hpp"
#include "ScalarThermalConductivity.hpp"
#include "SpecificIsobaricHeatCapacity.hpp"
#include "Unit/Diffusivity.hpp"
namespace PhQ {
// Forward declaration for class PhQ::ThermalDiffusivity.
template <typename NumericType>
class PrandtlNumber;
/// \brief Thermal diffusivity of a material. Measures the rate of heat transfer inside a material.
/// Equals the scalar thermal conductivity divided by the mass density and specific isobaric heat
/// capacity; see PhQ::ScalarThermalConductivity, PhQ::MassDensity, and
/// PhQ::SpecificIsobaricHeatCapacity. Also appears in the definition of the Prandtl number; see
/// PhQ::PrandtlNumber and PhQ::KinematicViscosity.
template <typename NumericType = double>
class ThermalDiffusivity : public DimensionalScalar<Unit::Diffusivity, NumericType> {
public:
/// \brief Default constructor. Constructs a thermal diffusivity with an uninitialized value.
ThermalDiffusivity() = default;
/// \brief Constructor. Constructs a thermal diffusivity with a given value expressed in a given
/// diffusivity unit.
ThermalDiffusivity(const NumericType value, const Unit::Diffusivity unit)
: DimensionalScalar<Unit::Diffusivity, NumericType>(value, unit) {}
/// \brief Constructor. Constructs a thermal diffusivity from a given scalar thermal conductivity,
/// specific isobaric heat capacity, and mass density using the definition of the thermal
/// diffusivity.
constexpr ThermalDiffusivity(
const ScalarThermalConductivity<NumericType>& scalar_thermal_conductivity,
const MassDensity<NumericType>& mass_density,
const SpecificIsobaricHeatCapacity<NumericType>& specific_isobaric_heat_capacity)
: ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>(
scalar_thermal_conductivity.Value()
/ (mass_density.Value() * specific_isobaric_heat_capacity.Value())) {}
/// \brief Constructor. Constructs a thermal diffusivity from a given kinematic viscosity and
/// Prandtl number using the definition of the Prandtl number.
constexpr ThermalDiffusivity(const KinematicViscosity<NumericType>& kinematic_viscosity,
const PrandtlNumber<NumericType>& prandtl_number);
/// \brief Destructor. Destroys this thermal diffusivity.
~ThermalDiffusivity() noexcept = default;
/// \brief Copy constructor. Constructs a thermal diffusivity by copying another one.
constexpr ThermalDiffusivity(const ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>& other) = default;
/// \brief Copy constructor. Constructs a thermal diffusivity by copying another one.
template <typename OtherNumericType>
explicit constexpr ThermalDiffusivity(const ThermalDiffusivity<OtherNumericType>& other)
: ThermalDiffusivity(static_cast<NumericType>(other.Value())) {}
/// \brief Move constructor. Constructs a thermal diffusivity by moving another one.
constexpr ThermalDiffusivity(ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>&& other) noexcept = default;
/// \brief Copy assignment operator. Assigns this thermal diffusivity by copying another one.
constexpr ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>& operator=(
const ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>& other) = default;
/// \brief Copy assignment operator. Assigns this thermal diffusivity by copying another one.
template <typename OtherNumericType>
constexpr ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>& operator=(
const ThermalDiffusivity<OtherNumericType>& other) {
this->value = static_cast<NumericType>(other.Value());
return *this;
}
/// \brief Move assignment operator. Assigns this thermal diffusivity by moving another one.
constexpr ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>& operator=(
ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>&& other) noexcept = default;
/// \brief Statically creates a thermal diffusivity of zero.
[[nodiscard]] static constexpr ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType> Zero() {
return ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>{static_cast<NumericType>(0)};
}
/// \brief Statically creates a thermal diffusivity with a given value expressed in a given
/// diffusivity unit.
template <Unit::Diffusivity Unit>
[[nodiscard]] static constexpr ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType> Create(const NumericType value) {
return ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>{
ConvertStatically<Unit::Diffusivity, Unit, Standard<Unit::Diffusivity>>(value)};
}
constexpr ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType> operator+(
const ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>& thermal_diffusivity) const {
return ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>{this->value + thermal_diffusivity.value};
}
constexpr ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType> operator-(
const ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>& thermal_diffusivity) const {
return ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>{this->value - thermal_diffusivity.value};
}
constexpr ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType> operator*(const NumericType number) const {
return ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>{this->value * number};
}
constexpr ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType> operator/(const NumericType number) const {
return ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>{this->value / number};
}
constexpr NumericType operator/(
const ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>& thermal_diffusivity) const noexcept {
return this->value / thermal_diffusivity.value;
}
constexpr void operator+=(const ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>& thermal_diffusivity) noexcept {
this->value += thermal_diffusivity.value;
}
constexpr void operator-=(const ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>& thermal_diffusivity) noexcept {
this->value -= thermal_diffusivity.value;
}
constexpr void operator*=(const NumericType number) noexcept {
this->value *= number;
}
constexpr void operator/=(const NumericType number) noexcept {
this->value /= number;
}
private:
/// \brief Constructor. Constructs a thermal diffusivity with a given value expressed in the
/// standard diffusivity unit.
explicit constexpr ThermalDiffusivity(const NumericType value)
: DimensionalScalar<Unit::Diffusivity, NumericType>(value) {}
};
template <typename NumericType>
inline constexpr bool operator==(const ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>& left,
const ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>& right) noexcept {
return left.Value() == right.Value();
}
template <typename NumericType>
inline constexpr bool operator!=(const ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>& left,
const ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>& right) noexcept {
return left.Value() != right.Value();
}
template <typename NumericType>
inline constexpr bool operator<(const ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>& left,
const ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>& right) noexcept {
return left.Value() < right.Value();
}
template <typename NumericType>
inline constexpr bool operator>(const ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>& left,
const ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>& right) noexcept {
return left.Value() > right.Value();
}
template <typename NumericType>
inline constexpr bool operator<=(const ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>& left,
const ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>& right) noexcept {
return left.Value() <= right.Value();
}
template <typename NumericType>
inline constexpr bool operator>=(const ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>& left,
const ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>& right) noexcept {
return left.Value() >= right.Value();
}
template <typename NumericType>
inline std::ostream& operator<<(
std::ostream& stream, const ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>& thermal_diffusivity) {
stream << thermal_diffusivity.Print();
return stream;
}
template <typename NumericType>
inline constexpr ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType> operator*(
const NumericType number, const ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>& thermal_diffusivity) {
return thermal_diffusivity * number;
}
template <typename NumericType>
inline constexpr ScalarThermalConductivity<NumericType>::ScalarThermalConductivity(
const MassDensity<NumericType>& mass_density,
const SpecificIsobaricHeatCapacity<NumericType>& specific_isobaric_heat_capacity,
const ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>& thermal_diffusivity)
: ScalarThermalConductivity<NumericType>(
mass_density.Value() * specific_isobaric_heat_capacity.Value()
* thermal_diffusivity.Value()) {}
template <typename NumericType>
inline constexpr MassDensity<NumericType>::MassDensity(
const ScalarThermalConductivity<NumericType>& scalar_thermal_conductivity,
const ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>& thermal_diffusivity,
const SpecificIsobaricHeatCapacity<NumericType>& specific_isobaric_heat_capacity)
: MassDensity<NumericType>(
scalar_thermal_conductivity.Value()
/ (thermal_diffusivity.Value() * specific_isobaric_heat_capacity.Value())) {}
template <typename NumericType>
inline constexpr SpecificIsobaricHeatCapacity<NumericType>::SpecificIsobaricHeatCapacity(
const ScalarThermalConductivity<NumericType>& scalar_thermal_conductivity,
const MassDensity<NumericType>& mass_density,
const ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>& thermal_diffusivity)
: SpecificIsobaricHeatCapacity<NumericType>(
scalar_thermal_conductivity.Value() / (mass_density.Value() * thermal_diffusivity.Value())) {}
} // namespace PhQ
namespace std {
template <typename NumericType>
struct hash<PhQ::ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>> {
inline size_t operator()(const PhQ::ThermalDiffusivity<NumericType>& thermal_diffusivity) const {
return hash<NumericType>()(thermal_diffusivity.Value());
}
};
} // namespace std
#endif // PHQ_THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY_HPP