Using REST APIs as data sources

Data is everywhere and it is generated constantly
The number of datasources is amazingly huge
Datasets are huge and can be used in many ways
We may do amazing things using data made available by third-party:

We will have a nice and brief overview about how to consume data from REST APIs, mainly focusing on JSON.

What is an API?

Application Programming Interface defines the methods for one software program to interact with the other.

In the case of this lecture, we are dealing with a REST API, which sends data over a network: one type of Web service.

When we want to receive data from an Web service, we need to make a request to this service. When the server receives this request, it sends a response.

Requests

Knowing that, we will not have to learn about making requests in Python

We do it by importing the module requests

import requests

There are different types of requests.

In our case we will use a GET, which is used to retrieve data. This is the type of request we use to collect data.

A response from the API contains 2 things (among others):

response code
response data

To make a request, we use:

response = requests.get('http://www.nau.edu/')
type(response)

requests.models.Response

The request.get(URL) returns an object Response, which provides, among other things, the response code.

response.status_code

THe most common codes are:

200: Everything went okay, and the result has been returned (if any).
301: The server is redirecting you to a different endpoint. This can happen when a company switches domain names, or an endpoint name is changed.
400: The server thinks you made a bad request. This can happen when you don’t send along the right data, among other things.
401: The server thinks you’re not authenticated. Many APIs require login ccredentials, so this happens when you don’t send the right credentials to access an API.
403: The resource you’re trying to access is forbidden: you don’t have the right permissions to see it.
404: The resource you tried to access wasn’t found on the server.
503: The server is not ready to handle the request.

More details about status codes list can be found here

What about getting the data?

First, read the documentation! Everytime you use an API, please read the documentation to understand how to use, the structure, etc.

We will use the Open Notify API, which gives access to data about the international space station.

These APIs usually provide multiple endpoints, which are the ways we can interact with that service.

Let's try a request and see how it goes:

response = requests.get("http://api.open-notify.org/astros.json")
print(response.status_code)

Now we can see the data...

type(response.content)

bytes

response.text

'{"message": "success", "people": [{"name": "Sergey Ryzhikov", "craft": "ISS"}, {"name": "Kate Rubins", "craft": "ISS"}, {"name": "Sergey Kud-Sverchkov", "craft": "ISS"}], "number": 3}'

response.json()

{'message': 'success',
 'people': [{'name': 'Sergey Ryzhikov', 'craft': 'ISS'},
  {'name': 'Kate Rubins', 'craft': 'ISS'},
  {'name': 'Sergey Kud-Sverchkov', 'craft': 'ISS'}],
 'number': 3}

Working with JSON

JSON stands for JavaScript Object Notation. It is a way to encode data structures that ensures that they are easily readable.

JSON output look like Python something with dictionaries, lists, strings and integers. And it is...

But, how to use it? Well, we used it in the last command.

import json

json has two main functions:

json.dumps() — Takes in a Python object and converts (dumps) to a string.
json.loads() — Takes a JSON string and converts (loads) to a Python object.

The dumps() is particularly useful as we can use it to format the json, making it easier to understand the output

json_response = response.json()
formatted_json = json.dumps(json_response, sort_keys=True, indent=3
                           )

print(formatted_json)

{
   "message": "success",
   "number": 3,
   "people": [
      {
         "craft": "ISS",
         "name": "Sergey Ryzhikov"
      },
      {
         "craft": "ISS",
         "name": "Kate Rubins"
      },
      {
         "craft": "ISS",
         "name": "Sergey Kud-Sverchkov"
      }
   ]
}

REST API with Query Parameters

In some cases, it is possible to pass parameters to filter the output of the API.

The http://api.open-notify.org/iss-pass.json endpoint tells the next times that the international space station will pass over a given location on the earth.

It requires parameters

response = requests.get("http://api.open-notify.org/iss-pass.json")
print("RESPONSE CODE:" + str(response.status_code))
print(response.json())

RESPONSE CODE:400
{'message': 'failure', 'reason': 'Latitude must be specified'}

Let's read the docs:

http://open-notify.org/Open-Notify-API/ISS-Pass-Times/

response = requests.get("http://api.open-notify.org/iss-pass.json?lat=35.1983&lon=111.6513")
print("RESPONSE CODE:" + str(response.status_code))
print(response.json())
#35.1983, 111.6513

RESPONSE CODE:200
{'message': 'success', 'request': {'altitude': 100, 'datetime': 1603836506, 'latitude': 35.1983, 'longitude': 111.6513, 'passes': 5}, 'response': [{'duration': 390, 'risetime': 1603841584}, {'duration': 520, 'risetime': 1603847415}, {'duration': 648, 'risetime': 1603853197}, {'duration': 542, 'risetime': 1603859036}, {'duration': 479, 'risetime': 1603907545}]}

formatted_json = json.dumps(response.json(), sort_keys=False, indent=2)
#print(formatted_json)
print(response.json()["response"][0]["risetime"])

1603841584

Let’s deal with the pass times from our JSON object

Reading the docs (and looking at our JSON), we can see what we need to do

times = []

for item in response.json()['response']:
    times.append(item['risetime'])
    
print(times)

[1603841584, 1603847415, 1603853197, 1603859036, 1603907545]

from datetime import datetime

datetime.fromtimestamp(times[0]).strftime("%Y-%m-%d %I:%M:%S")

'2020-10-27 04:33:04'

response = requests.get("https://api.github.com/repos/rails/rails/pulls")
pulls = response.json()
print(json.dumps(pulls, indent=2))

pulls[0]

Let's play: your turn

Look at this API:

https://earthquake.usgs.gov/fdsnws/event/1/

I want you to

use filters to get the earthquakes from the previous 60 days, with magnitude between 5.8 and 7.
print the place, date, and magnitude of each of them
find the highest magnitude
using the ISS API, show when the satelite will go through the place where the earthquake with the highest magnitude happened

import requests
response = requests.get("http://api.open-notify.org/iss-pass.json")
print("RESPONSE CODE:" + str(response.status_code))
print(response.json())

RESPONSE CODE:400
{'message': 'failure', 'reason': 'Latitude must be specified'}

import requests
import json
from datetime import datetime

response = requests.get("https://earthquake.usgs.gov/fdsnws/event/1/query?format=geojson&starttime=2020-08-27&maxmagnitude=7&minmagnitude=5.8")
json_response = response.json()
formatted_json = json.dumps(json_response, sort_keys=False, indent=2)

print(formatted_json)

{
  "type": "FeatureCollection",
  "metadata": {
    "generated": 1603840328000,
    "url": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/fdsnws/event/1/query?format=geojson&starttime=2020-08-27&maxmagnitude=7&minmagnitude=5.8",
    "title": "USGS Earthquakes",
    "status": 200,
    "api": "1.10.3",
    "count": 40
  },
  "features": [
    {
      "type": "Feature",
      "properties": {
        "mag": 5.9,
        "place": "75 km NNE of Hihifo, Tonga",
        "time": 1603626457004,
        "updated": 1603816850040,
        "tz": null,
        "url": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000ccyh",
        "detail": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/fdsnws/event/1/query?eventid=us6000ccyh&format=geojson",
        "felt": 9,
        "cdi": 4.1,
        "mmi": 3.887,
        "alert": "green",
        "status": "reviewed",
        "tsunami": 0,
        "sig": 539,
        "net": "us",
        "code": "6000ccyh",
        "ids": ",pt20299001,us6000ccyh,at00qira3f,",
        "sources": ",pt,us,at,",
        "types": ",dyfi,internal-origin,losspager,moment-tensor,origin,phase-data,shakemap,",
        "nst": null,
        "dmin": 5.014,
        "rms": 0.71,
        "gap": 62,
        "magType": "mww",
        "type": "earthquake",
        "title": "M 5.9 - 75 km NNE of Hihifo, Tonga"
      },
      "geometry": {
        "type": "Point",
        "coordinates": [
          -173.4669,
          -15.3542,
          32.73
        ]
      },
      "id": "us6000ccyh"
    },
    {
      "type": "Feature",
      "properties": {
        "mag": 6.1,
        "place": "south of the Fiji Islands",
        "time": 1603436672004,
        "updated": 1603523312647,
        "tz": null,
        "url": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000cbx8",
        "detail": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/fdsnws/event/1/query?eventid=us6000cbx8&format=geojson",
        "felt": null,
        "cdi": null,
        "mmi": 2.51,
        "alert": "green",
        "status": "reviewed",
        "tsunami": 0,
        "sig": 572,
        "net": "us",
        "code": "6000cbx8",
        "ids": ",pt20297001,us6000cbx8,",
        "sources": ",pt,us,",
        "types": ",internal-origin,losspager,moment-tensor,origin,phase-data,shakemap,",
        "nst": null,
        "dmin": 4.045,
        "rms": 0.79,
        "gap": 25,
        "magType": "mww",
        "type": "earthquake",
        "title": "M 6.1 - south of the Fiji Islands"
      },
      "geometry": {
        "type": "Point",
        "coordinates": [
          -179.9645,
          -25.6127,
          463.9
        ]
      },
      "id": "us6000cbx8"
    },
    {
      "type": "Feature",
      "properties": {
        "mag": 6,
        "place": "West Chile Rise",
        "time": 1603417577475,
        "updated": 1603504452956,
        "tz": null,
        "url": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000cbug",
        "detail": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/fdsnws/event/1/query?eventid=us6000cbug&format=geojson",
        "felt": null,
        "cdi": null,
        "mmi": 0,
        "alert": "green",
        "status": "reviewed",
        "tsunami": 0,
        "sig": 554,
        "net": "us",
        "code": "6000cbug",
        "ids": ",us6000cbug,pt20297000,",
        "sources": ",us,pt,",
        "types": ",internal-origin,losspager,moment-tensor,origin,phase-data,shakemap,",
        "nst": null,
        "dmin": 13.888,
        "rms": 1.41,
        "gap": 47,
        "magType": "mww",
        "type": "earthquake",
        "title": "M 6.0 - West Chile Rise"
      },
      "geometry": {
        "type": "Point",
        "coordinates": [
          -97.1352,
          -36.4011,
          10
        ]
      },
      "id": "us6000cbug"
    },
    {
      "type": "Feature",
      "properties": {
        "mag": 5.8,
        "place": "148 km WNW of Haveluloto, Tonga",
        "time": 1603355046992,
        "updated": 1603441663721,
        "tz": null,
        "url": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000cb8b",
        "detail": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/fdsnws/event/1/query?eventid=us6000cb8b&format=geojson",
        "felt": null,
        "cdi": null,
        "mmi": 3.275,
        "alert": "green",
        "status": "reviewed",
        "tsunami": 0,
        "sig": 518,
        "net": "us",
        "code": "6000cb8b",
        "ids": ",pt20296000,us6000cb8b,",
        "sources": ",pt,us,",
        "types": ",internal-origin,losspager,moment-tensor,origin,phase-data,shakemap,",
        "nst": null,
        "dmin": 5.927,
        "rms": 1.23,
        "gap": 33,
        "magType": "mww",
        "type": "earthquake",
        "title": "M 5.8 - 148 km WNW of Haveluloto, Tonga"
      },
      "geometry": {
        "type": "Point",
        "coordinates": [
          -176.6074,
          -20.8778,
          237.63
        ]
      },
      "id": "us6000cb8b"
    },
    {
      "type": "Feature",
      "properties": {
        "mag": 5.9,
        "place": "183 km ESE of Neiafu, Tonga",
        "time": 1603239753928,
        "updated": 1603326984040,
        "tz": null,
        "url": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000cafc",
        "detail": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/fdsnws/event/1/query?eventid=us6000cafc&format=geojson",
        "felt": null,
        "cdi": null,
        "mmi": 3.321,
        "alert": "green",
        "status": "reviewed",
        "tsunami": 0,
        "sig": 536,
        "net": "us",
        "code": "6000cafc",
        "ids": ",pt20295000,at00qiizpk,us6000cafc,",
        "sources": ",pt,at,us,",
        "types": ",internal-origin,losspager,moment-tensor,origin,phase-data,shakemap,",
        "nst": null,
        "dmin": 7.413,
        "rms": 1.05,
        "gap": 26,
        "magType": "mww",
        "type": "earthquake",
        "title": "M 5.9 - 183 km ESE of Neiafu, Tonga"
      },
      "geometry": {
        "type": "Point",
        "coordinates": [
          -172.3884,
          -19.3191,
          10
        ]
      },
      "id": "us6000cafc"
    },
    {
      "type": "Feature",
      "properties": {
        "mag": 5.9,
        "place": "117 km SSE of Sand Point, Alaska",
        "time": 1603143925888,
        "updated": 1603839758248,
        "tz": null,
        "url": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000c9lf",
        "detail": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/fdsnws/event/1/query?eventid=us6000c9lf&format=geojson",
        "felt": null,
        "cdi": null,
        "mmi": 3.755,
        "alert": "green",
        "status": "reviewed",
        "tsunami": 0,
        "sig": 536,
        "net": "us",
        "code": "6000c9lf",
        "ids": ",us6000c9lf,pt20293006,ak020dgx8hsf,",
        "sources": ",us,pt,ak,",
        "types": ",ground-failure,internal-origin,losspager,origin,phase-data,shakemap,",
        "nst": null,
        "dmin": 0.51,
        "rms": 0.94,
        "gap": 65,
        "magType": "mww",
        "type": "earthquake",
        "title": "M 5.9 - 117 km SSE of Sand Point, Alaska"
      },
      "geometry": {
        "type": "Point",
        "coordinates": [
          -159.859,
          54.3459,
          24.45
        ]
      },
      "id": "us6000c9lf"
    },
    {
      "type": "Feature",
      "properties": {
        "mag": 5.9,
        "place": "Easter Island region",
        "time": 1602335697344,
        "updated": 1602422329581,
        "tz": null,
        "url": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000c7b1",
        "detail": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/fdsnws/event/1/query?eventid=us6000c7b1&format=geojson",
        "felt": null,
        "cdi": null,
        "mmi": 0,
        "alert": "green",
        "status": "reviewed",
        "tsunami": 0,
        "sig": 536,
        "net": "us",
        "code": "6000c7b1",
        "ids": ",us6000c7b1,at00qhzm4y,",
        "sources": ",us,at,",
        "types": ",ground-failure,internal-origin,losspager,moment-tensor,origin,phase-data,shakemap,",
        "nst": null,
        "dmin": 2.901,
        "rms": 1.02,
        "gap": 50,
        "magType": "mww",
        "type": "earthquake",
        "title": "M 5.9 - Easter Island region"
      },
      "geometry": {
        "type": "Point",
        "coordinates": [
          -112.3045,
          -28.5676,
          10
        ]
      },
      "id": "us6000c7b1"
    },
    {
      "type": "Feature",
      "properties": {
        "mag": 5.8,
        "place": "86 km ESE of Kimbe, Papua New Guinea",
        "time": 1602172729998,
        "updated": 1602261933332,
        "tz": null,
        "url": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000c6si",
        "detail": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/fdsnws/event/1/query?eventid=us6000c6si&format=geojson",
        "felt": null,
        "cdi": null,
        "mmi": 5.526,
        "alert": "green",
        "status": "reviewed",
        "tsunami": 0,
        "sig": 518,
        "net": "us",
        "code": "6000c6si",
        "ids": ",pt20282001,at00qhw4ea,us6000c6si,",
        "sources": ",pt,at,us,",
        "types": ",internal-origin,losspager,moment-tensor,origin,phase-data,shakemap,",
        "nst": null,
        "dmin": 2.152,
        "rms": 0.8,
        "gap": 28,
        "magType": "mww",
        "type": "earthquake",
        "title": "M 5.8 - 86 km ESE of Kimbe, Papua New Guinea"
      },
      "geometry": {
        "type": "Point",
        "coordinates": [
          150.8349,
          -5.9004,
          30
        ]
      },
      "id": "us6000c6si"
    },
    {
      "type": "Feature",
      "properties": {
        "mag": 6.3,
        "place": "38 km ENE of Kainantu, Papua New Guinea",
        "time": 1602142532224,
        "updated": 1602317079636,
        "tz": null,
        "url": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000c6mu",
        "detail": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/fdsnws/event/1/query?eventid=us6000c6mu&format=geojson",
        "felt": 28,
        "cdi": 6.9,
        "mmi": 5.525,
        "alert": "green",
        "status": "reviewed",
        "tsunami": 1,
        "sig": 630,
        "net": "us",
        "code": "6000c6mu",
        "ids": ",at00qhvh38,pt20282000,us6000c6mu,",
        "sources": ",at,pt,us,",
        "types": ",dyfi,ground-failure,impact-link,internal-origin,losspager,moment-tensor,origin,phase-data,shakemap,",
        "nst": null,
        "dmin": 3.413,
        "rms": 0.89,
        "gap": 15,
        "magType": "mww",
        "type": "earthquake",
        "title": "M 6.3 - 38 km ENE of Kainantu, Papua New Guinea"
      },
      "geometry": {
        "type": "Point",
        "coordinates": [
          146.1686,
          -6.114,
          103.49
        ]
      },
      "id": "us6000c6mu"
    },
    {
      "type": "Feature",
      "properties": {
        "mag": 6,
        "place": "233 km E of Levuka, Fiji",
        "time": 1601979106688,
        "updated": 1603627571361,
        "tz": null,
        "url": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000c617",
        "detail": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/fdsnws/event/1/query?eventid=us6000c617&format=geojson",
        "felt": null,
        "cdi": null,
        "mmi": 1.608,
        "alert": "green",
        "status": "reviewed",
        "tsunami": 0,
        "sig": 554,
        "net": "us",
        "code": "6000c617",
        "ids": ",at00qhryzm,pt20280000,us6000c617,",
        "sources": ",at,pt,us,",
        "types": ",internal-origin,losspager,moment-tensor,origin,phase-data,shakemap,",
        "nst": null,
        "dmin": 3.316,
        "rms": 0.94,
        "gap": 24,
        "magType": "mww",
        "type": "earthquake",
        "title": "M 6.0 - 233 km E of Levuka, Fiji"
      },
      "geometry": {
        "type": "Point",
        "coordinates": [
          -178.4762,
          -18.0101,
          633.92
        ]
      },
      "id": "us6000c617"
    },
    {
      "type": "Feature",
      "properties": {
        "mag": 5.9,
        "place": "68 km SE of Sand Point, Alaska",
        "time": 1601963690520,
        "updated": 1603490017028,
        "tz": null,
        "url": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000c5zm",
        "detail": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/fdsnws/event/1/query?eventid=us6000c5zm&format=geojson",
        "felt": 13,
        "cdi": 4.6,
        "mmi": 4.708,
        "alert": "green",
        "status": "reviewed",
        "tsunami": 1,
        "sig": 542,
        "net": "us",
        "code": "6000c5zm",
        "ids": ",at00qhrn3g,ak020cv5sgx1,ak020cv5s0vm,us6000c5zm,",
        "sources": ",at,ak,ak,us,",
        "types": ",dyfi,ground-failure,impact-link,losspager,moment-tensor,origin,phase-data,shakemap,",
        "nst": null,
        "dmin": 0.157,
        "rms": 0.87,
        "gap": 122,
        "magType": "mww",
        "type": "earthquake",
        "title": "M 5.9 - 68 km SE of Sand Point, Alaska"
      },
      "geometry": {
        "type": "Point",
        "coordinates": [
          -159.8598,
          54.8444,
          30.42
        ]
      },
      "id": "us6000c5zm"
    },
    {
      "type": "Feature",
      "properties": {
        "mag": 5.8,
        "place": "South Shetland Islands",
        "time": 1601633853188,
        "updated": 1601720347351,
        "tz": null,
        "url": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000c4p5",
        "detail": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/fdsnws/event/1/query?eventid=us6000c4p5&format=geojson",
        "felt": null,
        "cdi": null,
        "mmi": 4.797,
        "alert": null,
        "status": "reviewed",
        "tsunami": 0,
        "sig": 518,
        "net": "us",
        "code": "6000c4p5",
        "ids": ",at00qhkkl9,pt20276001,us6000c4p5,",
        "sources": ",at,pt,us,",
        "types": ",internal-origin,moment-tensor,origin,phase-data,shakemap,",
        "nst": null,
        "dmin": 0.243,
        "rms": 0.85,
        "gap": 73,
        "magType": "mww",
        "type": "earthquake",
        "title": "M 5.8 - South Shetland Islands"
      },
      "geometry": {
        "type": "Point",
        "coordinates": [
          -58.2326,
          -62.3735,
          10
        ]
      },
      "id": "us6000c4p5"
    },
    {
      "type": "Feature",
      "properties": {
        "mag": 6,
        "place": "99 km W of Kandrian, Papua New Guinea",
        "time": 1601548488481,
        "updated": 1601916945040,
        "tz": null,
        "url": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000c3td",
        "detail": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/fdsnws/event/1/query?eventid=us6000c3td&format=geojson",
        "felt": 8,
        "cdi": 3.8,
        "mmi": 4.443,
        "alert": "green",
        "status": "reviewed",
        "tsunami": 0,
        "sig": 557,
        "net": "us",
        "code": "6000c3td",
        "ids": ",us6000c3td,at00qhiqq0,pt20275002,",
        "sources": ",us,at,pt,",
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        "coordinates": [
          167.5321,
          -17.1562,
          10
        ]
      },
      "id": "us7000birm"
    },
    {
      "type": "Feature",
      "properties": {
        "mag": 6.3,
        "place": "39 km NW of Ovalle, Chile",
        "time": 1599355018850,
        "updated": 1603171112228,
        "tz": null,
        "url": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000biqb",
        "detail": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/fdsnws/event/1/query?eventid=us7000biqb&format=geojson",
        "felt": 111,
        "cdi": 5.1,
        "mmi": 6.256,
        "alert": "green",
        "status": "reviewed",
        "tsunami": 0,
        "sig": 667,
        "net": "us",
        "code": "7000biqb",
        "ids": ",us7000biqb,at00qg7q8a,pt20250001,",
        "sources": ",us,at,pt,",
        "types": ",dyfi,ground-failure,internal-origin,losspager,moment-tensor,origin,phase-data,shakemap,",
        "nst": null,
        "dmin": 0.344,
        "rms": 1.13,
        "gap": 32,
        "magType": "mww",
        "type": "earthquake",
        "title": "M 6.3 - 39 km NW of Ovalle, Chile"
      },
      "geometry": {
        "type": "Point",
        "coordinates": [
          -71.4938,
          -30.3501,
          28.24
        ]
      },
      "id": "us7000biqb"
    },
    {
      "type": "Feature",
      "properties": {
        "mag": 5.9,
        "place": "133 km NW of Ternate, Indonesia",
        "time": 1599351670820,
        "updated": 1602129705229,
        "tz": null,
        "url": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000bipw",
        "detail": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/fdsnws/event/1/query?eventid=us7000bipw&format=geojson",
        "felt": 1,
        "cdi": 2,
        "mmi": 3.987,
        "alert": "green",
        "status": "reviewed",
        "tsunami": 0,
        "sig": 536,
        "net": "us",
        "code": "7000bipw",
        "ids": ",us7000bipw,pt20250000,at00qg7nne,",
        "sources": ",us,pt,at,",
        "types": ",dyfi,internal-origin,losspager,moment-tensor,origin,phase-data,shakemap,",
        "nst": null,
        "dmin": 1.2,
        "rms": 0.89,
        "gap": 20,
        "magType": "mww",
        "type": "earthquake",
        "title": "M 5.9 - 133 km NW of Ternate, Indonesia"
      },
      "geometry": {
        "type": "Point",
        "coordinates": [
          126.5621,
          1.6686,
          30
        ]
      },
      "id": "us7000bipw"
    },
    {
      "type": "Feature",
      "properties": {
        "mag": 6.5,
        "place": "94 km NW of Vallenar, Chile",
        "time": 1598994557626,
        "updated": 1601919088040,
        "tz": null,
        "url": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000bg4v",
        "detail": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/fdsnws/event/1/query?eventid=us7000bg4v&format=geojson",
        "felt": 52,
        "cdi": 5.3,
        "mmi": 6.056,
        "alert": "green",
        "status": "reviewed",
        "tsunami": 0,
        "sig": 678,
        "net": "us",
        "code": "7000bg4v",
        "ids": ",us7000bg4v,at00qg003e,pt20245003,",
        "sources": ",us,at,pt,",
        "types": ",dyfi,ground-failure,internal-origin,losspager,moment-tensor,origin,phase-data,shakemap,",
        "nst": null,
        "dmin": 0.39,
        "rms": 0.86,
        "gap": 49,
        "magType": "mww",
        "type": "earthquake",
        "title": "M 6.5 - 94 km NW of Vallenar, Chile"
      },
      "geometry": {
        "type": "Point",
        "coordinates": [
          -71.3716,
          -27.9154,
          14.52
        ]
      },
      "id": "us7000bg4v"
    },
    {
      "type": "Feature",
      "properties": {
        "mag": 6.3,
        "place": "78 km NW of Vallenar, Chile",
        "time": 1598934602366,
        "updated": 1601935012065,
        "tz": null,
        "url": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000bfjx",
        "detail": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/fdsnws/event/1/query?eventid=us7000bfjx&format=geojson",
        "felt": 4,
        "cdi": 4.5,
        "mmi": 6.385,
        "alert": "green",
        "status": "reviewed",
        "tsunami": 0,
        "sig": 612,
        "net": "us",
        "code": "7000bfjx",
        "ids": ",us7000bfjx,pt20245001,",
        "sources": ",us,pt,",
        "types": ",dyfi,ground-failure,internal-origin,losspager,moment-tensor,origin,phase-data,shakemap,",
        "nst": null,
        "dmin": 0.248,
        "rms": 0.95,
        "gap": 69,
        "magType": "mww",
        "type": "earthquake",
        "title": "M 6.3 - 78 km NW of Vallenar, Chile"
      },
      "geometry": {
        "type": "Point",
        "coordinates": [
          -71.28,
          -28.0355,
          17.65
        ]
      },
      "id": "us7000bfjx"
    },
    {
      "type": "Feature",
      "properties": {
        "mag": 6.8,
        "place": "86 km NW of Vallenar, Chile",
        "time": 1598933368475,
        "updated": 1601934923466,
        "tz": null,
        "url": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000bfjr",
        "detail": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/fdsnws/event/1/query?eventid=us7000bfjr&format=geojson",
        "felt": 260,
        "cdi": 5.4,
        "mmi": 6.77,
        "alert": "green",
        "status": "reviewed",
        "tsunami": 1,
        "sig": 852,
        "net": "us",
        "code": "7000bfjr",
        "ids": ",at00qfyovo,pt20245000,us7000bfjr,",
        "sources": ",at,pt,us,",
        "types": ",dyfi,finite-fault,ground-failure,impact-link,impact-text,internal-origin,losspager,moment-tensor,origin,phase-data,shakemap,",
        "nst": null,
        "dmin": 0.312,
        "rms": 0.87,
        "gap": 69,
        "magType": "mww",
        "type": "earthquake",
        "title": "M 6.8 - 86 km NW of Vallenar, Chile"
      },
      "geometry": {
        "type": "Point",
        "coordinates": [
          -71.3086,
          -27.9705,
          21
        ]
      },
      "id": "us7000bfjr"
    },
    {
      "type": "Feature",
      "properties": {
        "mag": 5.9,
        "place": "Tristan da Cunha region",
        "time": 1598908682693,
        "updated": 1599455885689,
        "tz": null,
        "url": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000bfgl",
        "detail": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/fdsnws/event/1/query?eventid=us7000bfgl&format=geojson",
        "felt": null,
        "cdi": null,
        "mmi": 0,
        "alert": "green",
        "status": "reviewed",
        "tsunami": 0,
        "sig": 536,
        "net": "us",
        "code": "7000bfgl",
        "ids": ",pt20244001,us7000bfgl,",
        "sources": ",pt,us,",
        "types": ",internal-origin,losspager,moment-tensor,origin,phase-data,shakemap,",
        "nst": null,
        "dmin": 3.122,
        "rms": 1.05,
        "gap": 31,
        "magType": "mww",
        "type": "earthquake",
        "title": "M 5.9 - Tristan da Cunha region"
      },
      "geometry": {
        "type": "Point",
        "coordinates": [
          -15.6138,
          -35.4385,
          10
        ]
      },
      "id": "us7000bfgl"
    },
    {
      "type": "Feature",
      "properties": {
        "mag": 5.8,
        "place": "Pacific-Antarctic Ridge",
        "time": 1598905688940,
        "updated": 1603838993040,
        "tz": null,
        "url": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000bffs",
        "detail": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/fdsnws/event/1/query?eventid=us7000bffs&format=geojson",
        "felt": null,
        "cdi": null,
        "mmi": 0,
        "alert": "green",
        "status": "reviewed",
        "tsunami": 0,
        "sig": 518,
        "net": "us",
        "code": "7000bffs",
        "ids": ",us7000bffs,",
        "sources": ",us,",
        "types": ",losspager,moment-tensor,origin,phase-data,shakemap,",
        "nst": null,
        "dmin": 31.196,
        "rms": 1.01,
        "gap": 53,
        "magType": "mww",
        "type": "earthquake",
        "title": "M 5.8 - Pacific-Antarctic Ridge"
      },
      "geometry": {
        "type": "Point",
        "coordinates": [
          -130.1777,
          -54.9769,
          10
        ]
      },
      "id": "us7000bffs"
    },
    {
      "type": "Feature",
      "properties": {
        "mag": 6.1,
        "place": "Chagos Archipelago region",
        "time": 1598894644946,
        "updated": 1599595993905,
        "tz": null,
        "url": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000bfbx",
        "detail": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/fdsnws/event/1/query?eventid=us7000bfbx&format=geojson",
        "felt": 7,
        "cdi": 4.3,
        "mmi": 0,
        "alert": "green",
        "status": "reviewed",
        "tsunami": 0,
        "sig": 575,
        "net": "us",
        "code": "7000bfbx",
        "ids": ",us7000bfbx,pt20244000,at00qfxuzz,",
        "sources": ",us,pt,at,",
        "types": ",dyfi,ground-failure,internal-origin,losspager,moment-tensor,origin,phase-data,shakemap,",
        "nst": null,
        "dmin": 4.041,
        "rms": 1.28,
        "gap": 22,
        "magType": "mww",
        "type": "earthquake",
        "title": "M 6.1 - Chagos Archipelago region"
      },
      "geometry": {
        "type": "Point",
        "coordinates": [
          70.1973,
          -4.0158,
          10
        ]
      },
      "id": "us7000bfbx"
    },
    {
      "type": "Feature",
      "properties": {
        "mag": 6.5,
        "place": "central Mid-Atlantic Ridge",
        "time": 1598822429757,
        "updated": 1599776581234,
        "tz": null,
        "url": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000bf3k",
        "detail": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/fdsnws/event/1/query?eventid=us7000bf3k&format=geojson",
        "felt": 2,
        "cdi": 4.3,
        "mmi": 4.817,
        "alert": "green",
        "status": "reviewed",
        "tsunami": 0,
        "sig": 651,
        "net": "us",
        "code": "7000bf3k",
        "ids": ",us7000bf3k,at00qfwba7,pt20243000,",
        "sources": ",us,at,pt,",
        "types": ",dyfi,internal-origin,losspager,moment-tensor,origin,phase-data,shakemap,",
        "nst": null,
        "dmin": 15.394,
        "rms": 0.66,
        "gap": 31,
        "magType": "mww",
        "type": "earthquake",
        "title": "M 6.5 - central Mid-Atlantic Ridge"
      },
      "geometry": {
        "type": "Point",
        "coordinates": [
          -29.8656,
          0.7821,
          10
        ]
      },
      "id": "us7000bf3k"
    },
    {
      "type": "Feature",
      "properties": {
        "mag": 5.8,
        "place": "Bouvet Island region",
        "time": 1598581458132,
        "updated": 1603815033040,
        "tz": null,
        "url": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000be5j",
        "detail": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/fdsnws/event/1/query?eventid=us7000be5j&format=geojson",
        "felt": null,
        "cdi": null,
        "mmi": 3.826,
        "alert": "green",
        "status": "reviewed",
        "tsunami": 0,
        "sig": 518,
        "net": "us",
        "code": "7000be5j",
        "ids": ",us7000be5j,",
        "sources": ",us,",
        "types": ",losspager,moment-tensor,origin,phase-data,shakemap,",
        "nst": null,
        "dmin": 17.048,
        "rms": 1.26,
        "gap": 40,
        "magType": "mww",
        "type": "earthquake",
        "title": "M 5.8 - Bouvet Island region"
      },
      "geometry": {
        "type": "Point",
        "coordinates": [
          1.5112,
          -54.7928,
          10
        ]
      },
      "id": "us7000be5j"
    }
  ],
  "bbox": [
    -179.9645,
    -62.3735,
    9,
    179.8689,
    55.9704,
    633.92
  ]
}

max_magnitude = 0
max_long = 0
max_lat = 0
for earthquake in json_response["features"]:
    magnitude = earthquake["properties"]["mag"]
    print("----")
    print("Place:  " + earthquake["properties"]["place"])    
    print("Time:  " + str(earthquake["properties"]["time"]))    
    print("Mag:  " + str(magnitude))
    if (magnitude > max_magnitude):
        max_magnitude = magnitude
        max_long = earthquake["geometry"]["coordinates"][0]
        max_lat = earthquake["geometry"]["coordinates"][1]

print ("\nMaximum magnitude: " + str(max_magnitude))

----
Place:  75 km NNE of Hihifo, Tonga
Time:  1603626457004
Mag:  5.9
----
Place:  south of the Fiji Islands
Time:  1603436672004
Mag:  6.1
----
Place:  West Chile Rise
Time:  1603417577475
Mag:  6
----
Place:  148 km WNW of Haveluloto, Tonga
Time:  1603355046992
Mag:  5.8
----
Place:  183 km ESE of Neiafu, Tonga
Time:  1603239753928
Mag:  5.9
----
Place:  117 km SSE of Sand Point, Alaska
Time:  1603143925888
Mag:  5.9
----
Place:  Easter Island region
Time:  1602335697344
Mag:  5.9
----
Place:  86 km ESE of Kimbe, Papua New Guinea
Time:  1602172729998
Mag:  5.8
----
Place:  38 km ENE of Kainantu, Papua New Guinea
Time:  1602142532224
Mag:  6.3
----
Place:  233 km E of Levuka, Fiji
Time:  1601979106688
Mag:  6
----
Place:  68 km SE of Sand Point, Alaska
Time:  1601963690520
Mag:  5.9
----
Place:  South Shetland Islands
Time:  1601633853188
Mag:  5.8
----
Place:  99 km W of Kandrian, Papua New Guinea
Time:  1601548488481
Mag:  6
----
Place:  39 km NE of Pangai, Tonga
Time:  1601514816524
Mag:  6.4
----
Place:  south of Africa
Time:  1601140222462
Mag:  6.1
----
Place:  central East Pacific Rise
Time:  1600695435082
Mag:  5.8
----
Place:  53 km E of Cortes, Philippines
Time:  1600639995044
Mag:  5.8
----
Place:  central Mid-Atlantic Ridge
Time:  1600465438936
Mag:  6.9
----
Place:  12 km SSE of Arkalochóri, Greece
Time:  1600446497575
Mag:  5.9
----
Place:  157 km NNE of Labasa, Fiji
Time:  1600143136291
Mag:  6
----
Place:  18 km WNW of Esso, Russia
Time:  1600141288052
Mag:  6.4
----
Place:  Vanuatu
Time:  1599899667322
Mag:  5.9
----
Place:  58 km SE of Ōfunato, Japan
Time:  1599878651238
Mag:  6.1
----
Place:  82 km NNE of Tocopilla, Chile
Time:  1599809757187
Mag:  6.2
----
Place:  187 km SE of Sarangani, Philippines
Time:  1599635920225
Mag:  5.8
----
Place:  194 km SSE of Amahai, Indonesia
Time:  1599525920801
Mag:  5.9
----
Place:  72 km NNE of Port-Vila, Vanuatu
Time:  1599459159710
Mag:  6
----
Place:  17 km E of Talagutong, Philippines
Time:  1599405823148
Mag:  6.3
----
Place:  central Mid-Atlantic Ridge
Time:  1599375078848
Mag:  6.7
----
Place:  Vanuatu
Time:  1599361156073
Mag:  6.2
----
Place:  39 km NW of Ovalle, Chile
Time:  1599355018850
Mag:  6.3
----
Place:  133 km NW of Ternate, Indonesia
Time:  1599351670820
Mag:  5.9
----
Place:  94 km NW of Vallenar, Chile
Time:  1598994557626
Mag:  6.5
----
Place:  78 km NW of Vallenar, Chile
Time:  1598934602366
Mag:  6.3
----
Place:  86 km NW of Vallenar, Chile
Time:  1598933368475
Mag:  6.8
----
Place:  Tristan da Cunha region
Time:  1598908682693
Mag:  5.9
----
Place:  Pacific-Antarctic Ridge
Time:  1598905688940
Mag:  5.8
----
Place:  Chagos Archipelago region
Time:  1598894644946
Mag:  6.1
----
Place:  central Mid-Atlantic Ridge
Time:  1598822429757
Mag:  6.5
----
Place:  Bouvet Island region
Time:  1598581458132
Mag:  5.8

Maximum magnitude: 6.9

iss_response = requests.get("http://api.open-notify.org/iss-pass.json?lat="+str(max_lat)+"&lon="+str(max_lat))
time=iss_response.json()["response"][0]["risetime"]
print(datetime.fromtimestamp(time).strftime("%Y-%m-%d %I:%M:%S"))

2020-10-27 05:40:15

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REST_APIs.md

REST_APIs.md

Using REST APIs as data sources

What is an API?

Requests

What about getting the data?

Working with JSON

REST API with Query Parameters

Let’s deal with the pass times from our JSON object

Let's play: your turn

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REST_APIs.md

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Using REST APIs as data sources

What is an API?

Requests

What about getting the data?

Working with JSON

REST API with Query Parameters

Let’s deal with the pass times from our JSON object

Let's play: your turn