diff --git a/src/v/cluster/members_table.cc b/src/v/cluster/members_table.cc
index fbfdfea12414..dcac0cea9dab 100644
--- a/src/v/cluster/members_table.cc
+++ b/src/v/cluster/members_table.cc
@@ -159,6 +159,17 @@ members_table::apply(model::offset version, maintenance_mode_cmd cmd) {
         return errc::success;
     }
 
+    if (_brokers.size() < 2) {
+        // Maintenance mode is refused on size 1 clusters in the admin API, but
+        // we might be upgrading from a version that didn't have the validation.
+        vlog(
+          clusterlog.info,
+          "Dropping maintenance mode enable operation on single node cluster");
+
+        // Return success to enable progress: this is a clean no-op.
+        return errc::success;
+    }
+
     if (
       target->second->get_maintenance_state()
       == model::maintenance_state::active) {
diff --git a/src/v/redpanda/admin_server.cc b/src/v/redpanda/admin_server.cc
index b5f9f99f6e61..91e9e9854cc0 100644
--- a/src/v/redpanda/admin_server.cc
+++ b/src/v/redpanda/admin_server.cc
@@ -1798,6 +1798,13 @@ void admin_server::register_broker_routes() {
               throw ss::httpd::bad_request_exception(
                 "Maintenance mode feature not active (upgrade in progress?)");
           }
+
+          if (
+            _controller->get_members_table().local().all_brokers().size() < 2) {
+              throw ss::httpd::bad_request_exception(
+                "Maintenance mode may not be used on a single node cluster");
+          }
+
           model::node_id id = parse_broker_id(*req);
           auto ec = co_await _controller->get_members_frontend()
                       .local()