[GraphBolt][CUDA] Use async for GPUGraphCache.

[mfbalin]

Description

We hide the synchronization latencies for GPUGraphCache functions as well.

Checklist

Please feel free to remove inapplicable items for your PR.

• The PR title starts with [$CATEGORY] (such as [NN], [Model], [Doc], [Feature]])
• I've leverage the tools to beautify the python and c++ code.
• The PR is complete and small, read the Google eng practice (CL equals to PR) to understand more about small PR. In DGL, we consider PRs with less than 200 lines of core code change are small (example, test and documentation could be exempted).
• All changes have test coverage
• Code is well-documented
• To the best of my knowledge, examples are either not affected by this change, or have been fixed to be compatible with this change
• Related issue is referred in this PR
• If the PR is for a new model/paper, I've updated the example index here.

Changes

[dgl-bot]

To trigger regression tests:

• @dgl-bot run [instance-type] [which tests] [compare-with-branch];
  For example: @dgl-bot run g4dn.4xlarge all dmlc/master or @dgl-bot run c5.9xlarge kernel,api dmlc/master

[dgl-bot]

Commit ID: f73729c

Build ID: 1

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Commit ID: bd8c04515e9fd44438b3fffae475808b84eaaa87

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Commit ID: 65128ec0ab60b9b951580e3ed8c07595109de934

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Commit ID: b040bc984ceee71908e4e60aca4682163927e031

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Commit ID: d047e056703667d726bbe90cdb00efcb15c15b3a

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Commit ID: dc99e51b03446399e110753a22817faeae39f6f6

Build ID: 8

Status: ⚪️ CI test cancelled due to overrun.

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[dgl-bot]

Commit ID: 16f749f9fd94e36a90e1b4df2da1089bd729228d

Build ID: 9

Status: ✅ CI test succeeded.

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