Bump golang version to 1.22.7 to address security warnings

[yelshall]

What type of PR is this?

What this PR does / why we need it:
Bump Golang version to v1.22.7 to address follwoing CVEs:

• CVE-2024-34158
• CVE-2024-34156
• CVE-2024-34155

Which issue(s) this PR fixes:
Fixes #5526

Special notes for your reviewer:

Does this PR introduce a user-facing change?:

NONE

[karmada-bot]

Welcome @yelshall! It looks like this is your first PR to karmada-io/karmada 🎉

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Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 32.45%. Comparing base (4ac95b9) to head (9935ae7).

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Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##           master    #5529   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   32.45%   32.45%           
=======================================
  Files         643      643           
  Lines       44497    44497           
=======================================
+ Hits        14440    14443    +3     
+ Misses      28962    28960    -2     
+ Partials     1095     1094    -1     

Flag	Coverage Δ
unittests	32.45% <ø> (+<0.01%)	⬆️

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[RainbowMango]

/lgtm
/approve

[karmada-bot]

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