We were on alpha versions as a result of using `latest.release` and the alphas being published to Maven central. When migrating to the TOML version catalog we kept the version the same as before. This attempts to move us off the alpha versions onto GA versions. We should not depend on any new API introduced in 5.0 alphas.

See gh-2751

The version of the Kotlin stdlib that gets transitively pulled in from 4.11.0 matches the version we had with the previous 5.0 alpha version (Kotlin 1.8). We want to keep this consistent for compatibility's sake. It will be more important in later branches where we have Kotlin-based integrations.

We were resolving unexpected or mixed versions of Kotlin libraries based on transitive dependencies. This strictly aligns the Kotlin versions used and adds a sample that verifies our Kotlin-related code can be used with the newest version of Kotlin supported while being compiled with the oldest version supported.