Optional props cannot be assigned to required ones (#3290)

fix #3267

---------

Co-authored-by: Brian Terlson <brian.terlson@microsoft.com>

.chronus/changes/fix-optional-prop-required-2024-4-6-21-39-1.md

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+---
+# Change versionKind to one of: internal, fix, dependencies, feature, deprecation, breaking
+changeKind: fix
+packages:
+  - "@typespec/compiler"
+---
+
+Model with an optional property should not be satisfy a constraint with that property required. (`{foo?: string}` cannot be assigned to a constraint of `{foo: string}`)

packages/compiler/src/core/checker.ts

@@ -5785,6 +5785,18 @@ export function createChecker(program: Program): Checker {
       } else {
         remainingProperties.delete(prop.name);
 
+        if (sourceProperty.optional && !prop.optional) {
+          diagnostics.push(
+            createDiagnostic({
+              code: "property-required",
+              format: {
+                propName: prop.name,
+                targetType: getTypeName(target),
+              },
+              target: diagnosticTarget,
+            })
+          );
+        }
         const [related, propDiagnostics] = isTypeAssignableToInternal(
           sourceProperty.type,
           prop.type,

packages/compiler/src/core/messages.ts

@@ -404,6 +404,12 @@ const diagnostics = {
       withDetails: paramMessage`Type '${"sourceType"}' is not assignable to type '${"targetType"}'\n  ${"details"}`,
     },
   },
+  "property-required": {
+    severity: "error",
+    messages: {
+      default: paramMessage`Property '${"propName"}' is required in type '${"targetType"}' but here is optional.`,
+    },
+  },
   "no-prop": {
     severity: "error",
     messages: {

packages/compiler/test/checker/relation.test.ts

@@ -737,6 +737,16 @@ describe("compiler: checker: type relations", () => {
       });
     });
 
+    it("emit diagnostic when optional property is assigned to required", async () => {
+      await expectTypeNotAssignable(
+        { source: `{foo?: string}`, target: `{foo: string}` },
+        {
+          code: "property-required",
+          message: "Property 'foo' is required in type '(anonymous model)' but here is optional.",
+        }
+      );
+    });
+
     it("emit diagnostic when required property is missing", async () => {
       await expectTypeNotAssignable(
         { source: `{foo: "abc"}`, target: `{foo: string, bar: string}` },