[exporter/clickhouse] Upgrade trace table

[SpencerTorres]

This PR updates the default otel_traces table schema.

There are no breaking changes, this schema is compatible with the previous INSERT statement. This does not affect existing users, only new users that have create_schema enabled in the config.

Notable changes:

• Optimized ORDER BY to use a 32 bit DateTime without TraceId
• Reduced DateTime64(9) to DateTime on the trace timestamp table
• TTLs now use Date instead of DateTime since parts will only be dropped on the partition date

No major column changes for now, but there were some small performance benefits observed with these changes.

As always, it is best to edit these tables to fit your needs and query patterns. I expect further changes in the future as we continue to optimize this table for a generalized use case.

Testing:
Integration tests are disabled, but I enabled them locally to test that this change works as intended.
Unit tests are passing as well.

Documentation:

• Updated README
• Example DDL has been updated, and now includes the trace timestamp table and materialized view

[atoulme]

@Frapschen and @hanjm please review as codeowners

[github-actions]

This PR was marked stale due to lack of activity. It will be closed in 14 days.

[SpencerTorres]

Not stale 👉

Collecting feedback internally/externally, will update soon. Thanks!