Add a design doc template

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -5,6 +5,16 @@
 OpenSearch is a community project that is built and maintained by people just like **you**.
 [This document](https://github.com/opensearch-project/.github/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md) explains how you can contribute to this and related projects.
 
+### Design Documents
+
+Sometimes a feature is large enough that a design document is required necessary.
+
+A feature is usually large enough to require a design document if it adds new Java classes or API endpoints.
+
+If you are not sure whether your change should have an accompanying design document, it can be useful to reference the types of issues which have had design docs in the past.
+
+The [Design Document Template](./DESIGN_DOCUMENT_TEMPLATE.md) can help you get started.
+
 Visit the following link(s) for more information on specific practices:
 
 - [Triaging](./TRIAGING.md)

DESIGN_DOCUMENT_TEMPLATE.md

@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+- [Using this Document](#using-this-document)
+	- [Feature Description](#feature-description-)
+	- [Architecture Diagram](#architecture-diagram)
+		- [API Diagram](#api-diagram)
+	- [Documenting your Feature](#documenting-your-feature)
+	- [Security Reviews](#security-reviews)
+
+# Using this Document
+
+This document provides an easy-to-use template to help you get started building your own design document for OpenSearch features.
+
+To use this document you should:
+
+1. Copy and paste the contents of the document to a new file <YOUR_FEATURE>.md or to the body of a GitHub comment.
+2. Fill out the remainder of this document.
+
+**Please do not overwrite this document.**
+
+## Feature Description
+
+_Please provide a **brief** description of what feature you are introducing and what it does. This should be similar to the GitHub description._
+
+This document outlines a new feature <YOUR_FEATURE>.
+
+<YOUR_FEATURE> is...
+
+## Architecture Diagram
+
+_Some features are best explained using architecture diagrams. In particular, Mermaid diagrams are supported by GitHub and preferred. You can find examples of Mermaid diagrams in the [ARCHITECTURE.md](./ARCHITECTURE.md) file._
+
+Here is a generic graph diagram you can modify:
+
+```mermaid
+graph TD
+    subgraph Subgraph
+        subgraph Subsubgraph1
+            l1[Label 1]
+            l2[Label 2]
+        end
+        subgraph Subsubgraph2
+            l3(Label 3)
+            l4[Label 4]
+        end
+        subgraph Subsubgraph3
+           l5(Label 5)
+           l6[Label 6]
+        end
+
+        l1 -- Line 1 --> l3
+        l2 -- Line 2 --> l4
+        l3 -- Line 3 --> l5
+    end
+```
+
+
+Similarly, this is a sample sequence diagram:
+
+
+```mermaid
+sequenceDiagram
+	title Sample Sequence
+	autonumber
+	participant A as A
+	participant B as B
+	participant C as C
+	participant D as D
+	participant E as E
+
+    A->>B: Request 1
+    B->>C: Request 1 Received
+    C->>D: Handle Request 
+    D->>C: Do Something
+    C-->>B: Allow/Deny request
+    C->>E: Update Audit Log
+    D-->>B: Result
+    B->>A: Response
+```
+There are several other types of diagrams also supported by Mermaid.
+
+### API Diagram
+
+If your change introduces new API routes, please provide a diagram of the changes.
+
+The sequence diagram is recommended for this purpose:
+
+```mermaid
+sequenceDiagram
+	title Sample Sequence
+	autonumber
+	participant A as A
+	participant B as B
+	participant C as C
+	participant D as D
+	participant E as E
+
+    A->>B: Request 1
+    B->>C: Request 1 Received
+    C->>D: Handle Request 
+    D->>C: Do Something
+    C-->>B: Allow/Deny request
+    C->>E: Update Audit Log
+    D-->>B: Result
+    B->>A: Response
+```
+
+## Documenting your Feature
+
+Whenever you are making a large change, you should make sure you have created the appropriate updates to the documentation website.
+
+Please use this section as a reminder to submit a pull request to the documentation repository with the details of your change.
+
+If you do not complete this step, you pull request may not be merged.
+
+Please link your documentation pull request here when it is complete and check this box:
+- [ ] Documentation pull request opened
+
+## Security Reviews
+
+Certain changes require advanced security reviews by parties which depend on OpenSearch.
+
+As part of this process, we request that the following decision tree is used to determine in which cases an advanced security review is required.
+
+In cases where an advanced review is required, additional time is needed to merge pull requests. In these cases, the earlier pertinent information is provided the better.
+
+Please denote whether a review is expected to be required.
+
+```mermaid
+graph TD
+  A[Is it a new feature or a feature update?] -->|New Feature| B[Does the feature handle sensitive data?]
+  A -->|Feature Update| C[Does the update change security-critical components?]
+  B -->|Yes| D[Open an AppSec review]
+  B -->|No| E[Do a basic security assessment]
+  C -->|Yes| F[Open an AppSec review]
+  C -->|No| G[Proceed with regular testing]
+  E -->|Security issues found?| H[Open an AppSec review]
+  E -->|No security issues| I[Proceed with regular testing]
+  H -->|Resolved| I
+  H -->|Not resolved| J[Delay feature release]
+```