[Backport maintenance/2.15.x] Fix inference involving @functools.lru_cache decorator

[github-actions]

Backport ec912f9 from #2259.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #2260 (921ff5e) into maintenance/2.15.x (554d93e) will increase coverage by 0.10%.
The diff coverage is 96.15%.

Additional details and impacted files

@@                  Coverage Diff                   @@
##           maintenance/2.15.x    #2260      +/-   ##
======================================================
+ Coverage               92.84%   92.95%   +0.10%     
======================================================
  Files                      95       95              
  Lines                   11089    11104      +15     
======================================================
+ Hits                    10296    10322      +26     
+ Misses                    793      782      -11     

Flag	Coverage Δ
linux	92.72% <96.15%> (+0.15%)	⬆️
pypy	88.09% <96.15%> (+0.07%)	⬆️
windows	92.51% <96.15%> (+0.10%)	⬆️

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Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
astroid/manager.py	89.95% <91.66%> (+1.74%)	⬆️
astroid/__pkginfo__.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
astroid/brain/brain_functools.py	98.70% <100.00%> (+0.03%)	⬆️
astroid/brain/brain_typing.py	88.43% <100.00%> (ø)
astroid/modutils.py	89.43% <100.00%> (+2.11%)	⬆️
astroid/protocols.py	90.72% <100.00%> (+0.06%)	⬆️

... and 2 files with indirect coverage changes